In which of Studies 1 and 2 did some of the fruit flies live for more than 75 days, and what diet were those fruit flies fed?

During Studies 1 and 2, why did the size of the fruit fly population in each tube decrease rather than increase?

Study 1 differed from Study 2 in which of the following ways?

Suppose that an additional trial in Study 3 had been performed using a 12% SY medium (a diet with 12% sugar and 12% killed yeast). The average life span of the Strain X fruit flies in this trial would most likely have been:

The researchers had predicted that decreasing a fruit fly's ability to detect odors would increase its life span. Are the results of Study 3 consistent with this prediction?

Suppose the researchers wanted to determine whether a defect in the ability to detect odors would change the life span of fruit flies fed 15% SY medium when live yeast is added to the diet or when additional odors from live yeast are added to the diet. Which of the fol­lowing experiments should be performed?

The results for which 2 tubes should be compared to determine how a reduced calorie diet affects life span in the absence of live yeast and additional odors from live yeast?

Which hypothesis, if any, asserts that monarch butter­flies store lipids during 2 distinct periods?

Which hypothesis, if any, asserts that monarch butter­flies require energy from stored lipids neither for migration nor during the overwintering period?

Based on Hypothesis 3, which of the following figures best depicts the change in the lipid mass of a monarch butterfly from the beginning of migration to the end of migration? (Note: In each figure, B represents the beginning of migration and E represents the end of migration.)

Assume that changes in the body mass of a monarch butterfly are caused only by changes in the mass of the butterfly's stored lipids. The statement "The percent of a monarch butterfly's body mass that is made up of lipids is greater at the beginning of migration than at the end of migration" is supported by which of the hypotheses?

To store lipids, monarch butterflies convert sugar from nectar they have consumed into lipids. A supporter of which hypothesis, if any, would be likely to claim that to ensure the butterflies can store lipids for the over­wintering period, nectar must be present at the butter­flies' overwintering sites?

Which of the following statements about lipids in monarch butterflies is consistent with all 3 hypotheses?

When the monarch butterflies use their stored lipids, the lipids must be broken down to produce energy rich molecules that can be readily used by cells. Which of the following molecules is produced as a direct result of the breakdown of the lipids?

According to Figure 2, the solar radiation intensity 8,000 years ago was closest to which of the following?

According to Figure 2, if the trend in the CH₄ concentration had continued to match the trend in the solar radiation intensity, the CH₄ concentration at present would most likely be:

Suppose that whenever the CH₄ concentration increases, a corresponding, immediate increase in average global temperature occurs, and that whenever the CH₄ concentration decreases, a corresponding, immediate decrease in average global temperature occurs. Based on Figure 2, which of the following graphs best represents a plot of average global temperature over the past 11,000 years?

Based on Figure 1, the average solar radiation intensity over the past 250,000 years was closest to which of the following?

One solar radiation cycle is the time between a maxi­mum in the solar radiation intensity and the next maxi­mum in the solar radiation intensity. According to Figure 1, the average length of a solar radiation cycle during the past 250,000 years was:

Which of the following statements best describes the primary effect of CH₄ on Earth's climate?

If a block was pulled toward the east, the frictional force exerted on the block by the surface was directed toward the:

Based on Figure 2, what is the order of the 3 blocks, from the block that required the shortest time to reach 15 m/sec to the block that required the longest time to reach 15 m/sec?

Based on Figure 2, what was the approximate value of the acceleration of the 3.00 kg block?

Based on Figure 1, the results of Experiment 1 are best modeled by which of the following equations?

At each of the times plotted in Figure 2 (except 0.00 sec), as block mass increased, block speed:

Based on Figure 1, an applied force of 30.00 N would most likely have been required to maintain the constant speed of a block having a mass of:

One way Experiment 2 differed from Experiment 3 was that in Experiment 2:

Based on the description of the well plate and how it was used, the empty well plate would most likely have been which of the following colors?

Based on the results of Experiments l and 2, which of the following is a possible transition range for curcumin?

A chemist has 2 solutions, one of pH = 1 and one of pH = 6. Based on the results of Experiments 1 and 2, could indigo carmine be used to distinguish between these solutions?

The indicator propyl red has a transition range of pH= 4.6 to pH= 6.8. If propyl red had been included in Experiments 1 and 2, it would have produced results most similar to those produced by which of the 5 indicators?

A student claimed that Solution III has a pH of 7.3. Are the results of Experiments 1-3 consistent with this claim?

Based on the results of Experiments 1-3, which of Solutions I-IV has the lowest pH?

Albedo was measured at noon because that time of day is when solar radiation reaching the ground is:

Why was the study designed so that the 3 plots had the same types of vegetation present and the same density of vegetation cover? These conditions ensured that any variations in albedo and soil temperature would most likely be attributable only to variations among the plots in the:

On one day of the study period, a measurable rainfall occurred in the study area. The albedo calculated for the cloudless day just after the rainy day was lower than the albedo calculated for the cloudless day just before the rainy day. On which day did a measurable rainfall most likely occur in the study area?

For each plot, the number of temperature readings recorded by the soil temperature sensor every minute was closest to which of the following?

According to Figure 1 and the description of the study, was July 20 a cloudless day?

According to the results of the study, did the presence of a cover of DM increase or decrease the albedo, and did the presence of a cover of DM increase or decrease the soil temperature?

Based on Figure 1, on August 3, what percent of incoming solar radiation was NOT reflected from Plot 2?